nba的发展起源_NBA发展史第一期

1.谁能给我简单介绍一下90年代NBA的发展史？就是乔丹那个时代的NBA！

2.篮球发展史

3.NBA的发展史，英文的，字数越多越好啊

4.简述篮球运动的发展史

5.NBA始于1946年，当时只有11支球队，为什么现在有30支球队？

6.nba发展史2000至今

NBA联赛是由美国“全国篮球协会（简称NBA）”创办的比赛，其比赛的激烈程

度和水平之高被世人公认为世界之最。

1896年，美国第一个篮球组织“全国篮球联盟（简称NBL）”成立，但当时篮

球规则还不完善，组织机构也不健全，常常一名队员在一个赛季中可以代表几个队参赛，

经过几个赛季后，该组织就名存实亡了。

1946年4月6日，由美国波士顿花园老板沃尔特·阿·布朗发起成立了“美国篮

球协会（简称BAA）”，布朗首次提出了后来成为现代职业篮球两大基石的高薪制和合

同制，高薪制是指职业篮球必须有雄厚的财政支援，这样才能使比赛保持在高水平上，吸

引观众，求得生存。合同制是指一名选手只能与一家俱乐部签订合同，并设立选手储备制

，以防球员突然离队时受到损失。

1949年，在布朗的努力下，美国两大篮球组织BAA和NBL合并为“全国篮球

协会（简称NBA）”。布朗也成为后来著名的波士顿凯尔特人队的创始人。NBA成立

时拥有17支球队，分成三个赛区比赛，来自NBL的明尼阿波利斯湖人队依靠身高

2.09米的美国第一中锋乔治·迈肯的帮助获得NBA第一个赛季的冠军。从1954

－55赛季起，NBA经自然淘汰只剩下东部联盟和西部联盟两大赛区。其中，东部联盟

又分大西洋区、中区；西部联盟又分中西区、太平洋区。

1952年，NBA为了限制第一中锋迈肯的得分能力，将篮下3秒禁区宽度由原来

的6英尺扩大到12英尺。到了60年代，由于另一位超级中锋张伯伦的出现，NBA又

将禁区宽度扩大到16英尺。

由于NBA的球队在领先时常用拖延战术，使比赛不能吸引观众，从1954

－1955赛季起，NBA开始实行24秒制，即每队每次进攻不得超过24秒。

13年，美国哥伦比亚广播公司以2700万美元买下NBA比赛3年播映权，

从而使NBA比赛首次走上电视，但由于当时还不具备实况转播的条件，所以只能播放录

像。

1967年，一个新的篮球组织ABA（美国篮球协会）宣告成立，乔治·迈肯任第

一位。ABA用红、白、蓝三色篮球，并实行远投3分制，每年还举办扣篮大赛。

这些措施在NBA是不允许的。但由于经营不善，ABA于16年被美国NBA吞

并，从此，NBA形成对美国篮球业的垄断。

19年起，NBA开始实行3分远投制。

为避免各队的实力悬殊太大，NBA建立了每年一度的“新秀选拨制度”，将当年毕

业的大学生选手按水平高低排出名次，然后由各俱乐部按当年联赛的最后排名依次挑选，

排名靠后者先选，每轮各队只能选择一名，这样就保证了实力最弱的球队能得到水平最高

的新秀，选到新星的弱队在新赛季中往往会脱胎换骨。

为避免财大气粗的球队用高薪垄断明星球员，NBA规定了每支球队的工资总额限

制。如用很多钱购买明星，则就无力买到其它优秀球员。这一制度保证了最好的明星平均

分布在各个球队，使各队实力十分接近。

如果说“高薪制”和“合同制”是NBA两大基石，那“新秀选拨制”和“薪金限额

制”则确保了NBA比赛的激烈和精彩，比赛的不可预测性将众多的美国球迷吸引到篮球

场。

NBA联赛还实行转会制度，NBA球员转会不得买卖，只能以人换人。从赛季开始

到第16个星期四晚9时止，球队可自由交换球员。此后一直到常规赛季结束，各队人员

全部“冻结”。NBA转会是连人带合同一起交换。

1995－1996赛季中，NBA球队首次扩大到美国以外的地方，共有两支加拿

大球队多伦多猛龙队和温哥华灰熊队加入NBA赛场。

NBA选秀规则

按1999年1月劳资双方共同签定的合约。一名球员的年龄在18－22岁之间，

选秀当年没有参加美国的任何大学篮球联赛，在NBA选秀大会之前45天向NBA申

请，就可以参加选秀。

NBA定义的“外国球员”，即任何一名没有居住在美国的篮球球员，这些球员可以

是职业的，也可以是业余的。只要符合上述条件就可以参加选秀。

谁能给我简单介绍一下90年代NBA的发展史？就是乔丹那个时代的NBA！

在NBA的发展历史中，有哪些比赛产生了十分有趣的数据？今天，老魏就和大家聊聊这个话题吧。

一、离谱的助攻数

年4月16日，马刺和掘金展开了常规赛的一场普通比赛，在这场比赛中，代表马刺出战的卢卡斯二世在短短三节比赛中，就送出了惊人的24次助攻，但是整场比赛他都没有拿到一分、一个篮板。

在NBA的赛事历史上，总共也就只有21位球员获得过单场助攻超过24次的战绩，而卢卡斯二世又是这其中唯一一个全是助攻，没有一分进账的球员，这个记录至今未被打破。

二、?三分钟六犯下场

在-98赛季，公牛的三人组合使得公牛有了冲击冠军的想法和实力。而在一场公牛对阵小牛的比赛中，小牛对新人布巴威尔斯仅仅上场三分钟就就六犯离场，无奈的离开了球场。当然这是小牛主教练故意摆出的犯规战术，目的是为了拖垮公牛的罗德曼，而作为新人的布巴威尔斯只能为了团队利益而成为本场比赛的牺牲品！

三、单场最多篮板数

丹尼斯-罗德曼是NBA史上非常有名的篮板王，放观他的整个职业生涯，他有100场比赛做到了单场20+篮板数。但是，罗德曼的得分能力却不强。比如，在1993年12月2日，在作为马刺首发与黄蜂进行比赛，在这场比赛中，他独揽28个篮板，但是却没有得到一分，这在整个NBA历史上都是十分罕见的。

四、最低的命中率

蒂姆-哈达威是上个世纪NBA的巨星之一，但是他也创造了联盟史上最低命中率的记录。那是在91-92赛季，哈达威坐镇自己的主场迎战森林狼，在这场比赛中，他全场17投0中，最后仅有的两分还是凭借犯规罚球得来的两分。而他也成为了运动进球中，出手次数最多，命中率最低的球员。

篮球发展史

NBA历史

NBA是National Basketball Association的缩写（国家篮球协会）。成立于1946年6月6日。成立时叫BAA，即全美篮协会（Basketball Association of America）,是由十一家冰球馆和体育馆的老板为了让体育馆在冰球比赛以外的时间，不至于闲置而共同发起成立的。BAA成立时共11支球队：纽约尼克斯队、波士顿凯尔特人队、华盛顿国会队、芝加哥牡鹿队、克利夫兰叛逆者队、底特律猎鹰队、费城武士队、匹兹保铁人队、普罗维登斯蒸气队、圣路易斯轰炸机队和多伦多爱斯基摩人队。1949年BAA吞并了当时的另外一个联盟（NBL），并改名为NBA。1949-50赛季，NBA共17支球队。16年NBA吞并了美国篮球协会（ABA），球队增加到22支。1980年达拉斯小牛队加入NBA。1988年，夏洛特黄蜂队和迈阿密热火队加入NBA。1990年奥兰多魔术队和明尼苏达森林狼队加入NBA。1995年两支加拿大球队加入NBA，多伦多猛龙队和温哥华灰熊队，使NBA的球队达到29支.2004年，夏洛特山猫队加盟NBA，是球队总数达到了30。

$NBA的由来

1891年，美国人詹姆士·奈什密斯博士在麻省的春田学院，为了给学生们找一个冬季体育锻炼的方式，在1891年用2只破筐和一只代用的足球创造了篮球运动，这才有了今天如火如荼的NBA。而NBA在1946年6月6日诞生时，有一个我们陌生的名字BAA。

NBA的出现和发展是篮球运动前五十年积累和沉淀。自从1891年，篮球运动被詹姆士·奈什密斯博士发明之后，1898年，美国新泽西州特伦顿的一支球队用25美元租用了当地一家礼堂比赛并向观众售票。在赛后的分红中队长库珀组织比赛有功，首先领到了1美元。这场“有偿篮球赛”被不列颠大百科全书认定为第一场“职业篮球赛”。

特伦顿比赛之后，“有偿比赛”在全美迅速展开。为了保护参加“有偿比赛”选手的利益， 1898年各地的球队成立了第一个职业篮球组织--“国家联盟”（NBL）。由于各球队经济实力和技术水平相差甚远，加上没有成熟的市场运作经验和规则，NBL仅仅经过三四个赛季便名存实亡了。30年代，NBL在一些中小城市中复苏，进行一些规模不大的联赛。但是由于缺乏足够的资金来推广促销，篮球的影响力始终没有形成。

1945年，第二次世界大战刚刚结束，寂寞已久的体育经纪人看准了这一点，他们联络11支球队老板，发起成立了BAA这个组织。BAA是NBA的前身，NBA的真正生日应该是1946年6月6日，这一天，纽约中央车站附近的“舰长饭店”里，BAA（BOSKETBALL ASSOCIATON OF AMERICA）--全美篮球协会的 “亚当”和“夏娃”们召开了成立大会，会议确定11支参赛球队和每队要进行60场常规赛。

BAA由十一家冰球馆和体育馆的老板们共同发起成立，初衷是为了让体育馆在冰球比赛以外的时候不至于空闲冷场。这些体育馆的老板们对于经营体育场是行家里手，他们针对NBA“国家篮球联盟”的球队多集中在中西部地区一些中、小城市的现实情况提出一定要在当时的大城市内建立当地有名球队，建立一个全国范围的篮球组织的概念。在常规赛季中，每个联盟内部的球队要打两个主客场，和另一个联盟的球队要打一个主客场。最后按成绩好坏排队出进入季后赛的名次，只有进入季后赛才有希望夺得总冠军。BAA用4节共48分钟制，人盯人防守并禁止联防。至今这些仍然是NBA区别于业余篮球的最基本特征。

BAA的发起人之一，波士顿花园体育馆的老板沃尔特·阿布郎同时提出新的职业篮球概念，即职业篮球必须有雄厚的财力支援，一名选手只能为一家俱乐部效力并要签订严格的合同，联赛还要建立选手储备制。这些理论贡献在于将巨额资金和法制制约引入篮球，为日后的NBA的发展奠定了高薪制和合同制这两大基石。

1949年，随着BAA吞并NBL后，为了避免可能引起的法律上的麻烦，正式改名为NATIONAL BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION，即NBA。

NBA的发展史，英文的，字数越多越好啊

篮球，英文（basketball），起源于美国马萨诸塞州，是1891年12月21日由詹姆斯·奈史密斯创造，是奥运会核心比赛项目，是以手为中心的身体对抗性体育运动。

1891年12月21日，由美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德基督教青年会训练学校（现译名为美国春田大学，Springfield College）体育教师詹姆士·奈史密斯发明。

1896年，篮球运动传入中国，并且2002年姚明以状元的身份入选NBA，开启了中国篮球新的狂潮。

1904年，圣路易斯奥运会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。

1936年，篮球在柏林奥运会中被列为正式比赛项目。

1992年，巴塞罗那奥运会开始，职业选手可以参加奥运会篮球比赛。

主要的国际性篮球组织是成立于1932年总部设在瑞士日内瓦的国际篮球联合会（国际业余篮球联合会）。

当今世界篮球水平最高的联赛是美国篮球职业联盟（NBA）比赛。

代表中国的水平最高的联赛是中国职业篮球联赛（CBA）比赛。

扩展资料：

对抗性:篮球运动持续时间可长可短，但需要参与者快速奔跑、突然与连续起跳、敏捷反应与力量抗衡 。

集体性:篮球运动不仅要求运动员具有技战术能力，以及在比赛中表现出的智慧、胆略、意志、活力与创造力，运动员也必须具备勇敢顽强的斗志和团结协作的精神 。

观赏性:篮球比赛中，可以欣赏到娴熟的运球、巧妙的传球、准确的投篮、机智的抢断、精彩的扣篮和出奇的封盖，再加上攻守交错、对抗变换，从而使比赛双方斗智斗勇，球场形势变化富有戏剧性，能使参与者和观看者得到心理的满足和愉悦 。

趣味性:篮球运动简单易行，趣味性很强，可以因人、因地、因时、因需而异。

通过变换各种活动方式，篮球运动更加方便与吸引人们的参与，以达到活跃身心、健身强体的目的，进而提高社会的文明氛围，充实人们业余文化生活 。

健身性:人们通过参与篮球运动，既可以强身健体，也可以使个性、自信心、审美情趣、意志力、进取心、自我约束等能力都有很好的发展，也有利于培养团结合作、尊重对手、公平竞争的道德品质 。

简述篮球运动的发展史

1995's labor problems between the National Basketball Association, the National Basketball Players Association and a group of so-called "dissident players" who are attempting to decertify the union he caused basketball fans to wonder aloud "what hened to the 'partnership' between the players and owners and when did their relationship become so adversarial?" The relative obscurity of the league until the 1980s has hidden the fact that labor negotiations between the league and it's players he always been painful, litigious, and drawn out.

The salary cap in sports is nothing new. Its origin in basketball can be traced back to the league's $55,000 salary cap for the league's first season, 1946-47. Most players earned between $4,000 and $5,000, but there were a few exceptions. Tom King of the Detroit Falcons for example. He drew the league's highest salary, $16,500, not solely because of his playing ability, but also due to his front office duties as the team's publicity director and business manager. Philadelphia's star scorer, Joe Fulks, pulled in $8,000 for his league-leading 23.2 points a game (King's rookie season was a bit less successful. He eraged 5.1 points in his only year and the Falcons went out of business following the season).

From 1946 to 1949 the top players managed to use the leverage of two rival leagues, the Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League, to carve out a fair existence for themselves. George Mikan, the premier player of the era, signed a five-year contract with the Chicago American Gears worth $60,000 plus incentives in 1946; Bob Dies of the Rochester Royals, considered the top guard in basketball, was rewarded with a four-year, $50,000 contract; and Jim Pollard, a Hall of Fame forward, signed with the Minneapolis Lakers for $12,000 a year in 1947. The BAA was able to convince four of the best NBL franchises: Minneapolis (which featured Mikan and Pollard), along with Indianapolis, Fort Wayne and Rochester (who brought Dies) into switching leagues in an effort to exert their superiority. The NBL was far from dead however, and in 1949, after the NBL stunned the BAA by awarding a franchise to a group of former college stars from the University of Kentucky (which included All-Americans Alex Groza and Frank Beard, both top prospects), who would then each draw a salary of $10,000. The two leagues, which had been bitter rivals, merged to form the National Basketball Association, leing the players with two options: play for the salary the NBA offered you or play Amateur Athletic Union basketball for a company team (such as the Phillips 66ers, Akron Goodyears or Peoria Caterpillers), an option which a few of the top players, including Clyde Lovellette, Jim Pollard and George Yardley chose.

Economic conditions continued unchanged through 1954, at which point Bob Cousy, the league's top player, began to organize the NBPA, which would become the first team sports player's union. Cousy began by writing to an established player from each of the league's teams (Paul Arizin of Philadelphia, Carl Braun of New York, Bob Dies of Rochester, Paul Hoffman of Baltimore, Andy Phillip of Fort Wayne, Pollard, Dolph Schayes of Syracuse and Don Sunderlage of Milwaukee) in hopes of encouraging solidarity among the players. All but Phillip responded positively (of all the owners, Fort Wayne's Fred Zollner, who owned a machine works plant, was the staunchest union opponent and this prevented the Pistons players from participating), and Cousy next went to NBA President Maurice Podoloff at the January, 1955 NBA All-Star Game with a list of concerns: payment of back salaries to the members of the defunct Baltimore Bullets club; establishment of a twenty-game limit on exhibition games, after which the players should share in the profits; abolition of the $15 "whispering fine" which referees could impose on a player during a game; payment of $25 expenses for public earances other than radio, television or certain charitable functions; establishment of an impartial board of arbitration to settle player-owner disputes; moving expenses for traded players; and payment of player salaries in ten installments rather that twelve, to provide more money to players cut during the season. Podoloff agreed to the payment of two weeks' salary to six players who had played for Baltimore before the franchise folded and committed to meeting with the player representatives within two weeks over their concerns.

Podoloff and league owners continued to put off the players until Cousy met with AFL-CIO officials over possible union affiliation in January of 1957. The league then agreed to bargain in good faith with the players union following the season. In April, the NBA Board of Governors formally recognized the NBPA and agreed to their terms:

-a probationary abolition of the whisper fine

-a seven dollar per diem and other reasonable treling expenses

-an increase in the 1957-58 playoff pool

-regular players would no longer be required to report to training camp earlier than four weeks prior to the season

-elimination of exhibition games within three days of the season opener or on the day prior to a regular season game with a limit of three exhibition games during the season

-player contracts would be mailed no later than September 1st

-referral of player-owner disputes to the NBA League President or a committee of three NBA Governors to be chosen by the player

-considerate treatment for the player in regards to radio and television earances

-reasonable moving expenses for a player traded during the season.

In 1958, following the victory of the fledgling union, Cousy would resign his position as NBPA President after becoming frustrated with nonpayment of the $10 annual union dues by many of the players. His replacement as head of the union would be his Boston teammate Tom Heinsohn.

Under Heinsohn's leadership, the union would assume a more aggressive roach regarding negotiations with the league. Heinsohn, Schayes and Richie Guerin of New York reached an agreement with the owners in January of 1961 over a player pension. The owners agreed in principle to a pension plan for the league's players, with details to be worked out in meetings to begin in February after the players had set a goal of $100 a month at age 65 for players with five years of service and $200 a month at age 65 for players with ten years of service.

Talks failed to bring an agreement and in 1962, after meeting with several candidates, Heinsohn hired attorney Lawrence Fleisher as the union's General Counsel in an effort to oain a pension plan and achieve other union goals (which included the standardization of the use of team trainers, the elimination of Saturday night games preceding Sunday afternoon television games, a increase in player per diem, a reduction in preseason games, and player free agency).

Little progress occurred until the January 1964 All-Star Game. The game was important national television exposure for the league, and also presented a unique opportunity for the players. The players threatened to not play the game over the lack of a pension agreement. Minutes before game time NBA President Walter Kennedy ge his personal guarantee that adoption of a pension plan would occur at the next owners meeting, which took place in May when they roved a plan in which they would contribute 50% toward the purchase of a $2,000 endowment policy.

Heinsohn would continue as NBPA President until Oscar Robertson of Cincinnati succeeded him in 1966. Robertson's first major move was to announce at the January 1967 All-Star Game that the players would ask the owners that they be paid for exhibition games, that the limit on the number of exhibitions be reduced from 15 to 10, and that the NBPA hopes to meet with representatives of Major League Baseball and National Football League players concerning more unity among professional athletes. Tensions between the union and owners escalated until the owners announced in March that the playoff would be canceled unless the players ge assurances that they would "comply with their contracts" and participate in the playoffs as scheduled. The union then responded by threatening to file for certification with the National Labor Relations Board and to strike the playoffs in an effort to upgrade their pension plan. The dispute was settled soon after, with the players receiving an agreement which included:

-a $600 a month pension for players with ten years of service at age 65 and retroactively to the beginning of the career for all active players

-new medical and insurance benefits

-elimination of games played immediately before the All-Star Game

-an 82-game limitation on the regular season

-discussion of exhibition game pay

-formation of a committee to review the standard player contract before the 1967-68 season

Prior to the 1968-69 season, the union and NBA agreed on their first revision of the standard players contract which would increase salaries with the minimum rookie salary raised to $10,000 for 1968-69 and $13,000 in 10-71 and the minimum pensioned veteran's salary raised to $12,500 in 1968-69 and $13,500 in 1969-70.

With the formation of a new rival league, the American Basketball Association, in 1967, the players' salaries again began to increase. With players such as Rick Barry, Billy Cunningham and Zelmo Beaty jumping to the new league for bigger contracts, and with the new league's success in signing top college talent like Mel Daniels and Spencer Haywood, the NBA soon opened talks with the ABA about a possible merger of the two leagues. As a merger drew near in 10, the players filed the "Oscar Robertson Suit", an antitrust suit to block any merger; do away with the option clause which bound a player to a team in perpetuity; the college draft, which limited the player to negotiating with one club; and restrictions on free agent signings; and seeking compensation for damages incurred in the past due to the option clause. The union then received a restraining order to block any merger, and the talks then died. The acrimony didn't block a new labor agreement however, as the NBPA came to a three-year labor agreement with the NBA in October of 10 with an increase in minimum salaries, the playoff pool and the per diem allowance.

After attempts to work out a compromise with the players in 11 and to get Congressional roval for a merger in 12 failed, the NBPA (now led by NBPA President Paul Silas of Boston who replaced Robertson in 15) and the league reached a tentative agreement giving players free agency with their teams awarded compensation through 1980 (with the compensation of cash, players or draft choices determined by the NBA Commissioner) after which the player's former team would hold the right of first refusal on any free agent signings; limiting a teams rights to a drafted player to one year after which he would go back into the draft a second time if unsigned; ending the option clause in all contracts (with the exception of one-year rookie contracts); and paying about 500 players $4.3 million as a settlement and $1 million for the union's legal fees, pending agreement of a new collective bargaining agreement and dismissal of the Oscar Robertson Suit. Along with a new six-year collective bargaining agreement which brought with it an increase in pension benefits; the minimum salary (from $20,000 to $30,000); the per diem; medical and dental coverage, term life insurance; the playoff pool; and player's shares for the All-Star Game, the players could claim a major victory. While the leagues did indeed merge, the players now could negotiate with more than one club, insuring a better position for contract negotiation.

Following a new three-year collective bargaining agreement (which included increases in the minimum salary, elimination of no-trade agreements in player contracts in 1980) and Silas' resignation as union head in order to become of the San Diego Clippers, financial health of the league became a major concern. Numerous franchises suffered from serious losses, headed by Cleveland, Denver, Indiana, Kansas City, San Diego and Utah. Some, including Kansas City and San Diego, nearly provoked a player strike in 1982 as they fell behind on their deferred payments to former players, as the league totaled an estimated $80 million to $90 million in deferred money owed to players. With the very real threat of the loss of franchises and player jobs, the union, now led by its new president Bob Lanier, agreed to a new four-year collective bargaining agreement in March of 1983 after strained negotiations and the threat of a player strike. The agreement was ground breaking for professional sports as it included:

- a salary cap guarantying the players between 53% and 57% of the NBA's gross revenues (gate receipts, local and national television and radio revenue and preseason and postseason revenue)

-$500,000 a year in licensing revenue

-a guarantee that the league will maintain 253 player jobs even if there is a reduction in the number of teams

The 1983 agreement would prove to be a major turning point for the league. An amendment later in the year which implemented the NBA's first league-wide substance abuse policy, proved to be a big step in cleaning up the league's image problems, and brilliant young players like Magic Johnson, Larry Bird and Michael Jordan excited the fans.

The financial well-being of the league improved under Commissioner Did Stern, who assumed the position in , but in 1987 the owners and players clashed over the salary cap, right of first refusal and college draft. Following a brief signing moratorium and a failed attempt at an antitrust suit by a player group headed by NBPA President Junior Bridgeman of Milwaukee, and the threat of union decertification, an agreement on a six-year collective bargaining agreement is reached, including:

-continuation of the salary cap; guarantying the players 53% of the leagues revenues

-reducing the college draft to three rounds in 1988 and two rounds in 1989

-eliminating of the right of first refusal after a player completes his second contract with unrestricted free agency for certain veteran players

-the inclusion of five-year veterans who finished their careers prior to 1965 in the pension plan.

Mutual good will continued under the cap until 1991, at which point the NBPA discovered that the league had underreported their income by excluding revenues from luxury suite rentals, playoff ticket sales and arena signage. After a legal dispute in which the league argued that the income fell outside of the defined revenues of the salary cap, and an increase of a total of $92.7 in player salaries and pension funding due to a ruling in for of the union, the players would no longer look at their agreement with ownership as the "partnership" Stern had frequently proclaimed it.

Creative accounting would open loopholes in the cap as the restructuring of contracts, early termination clauses, one-year contracts and balloon payments provided means for teams to circumvent the cap in order to sign players. Following the completion of the labor deal in 1994, the league and players managed to reach a no-strike, no-lockout agreement to protect the 1994-95 season, playing under the previous agreement in hopes of striking a new deal during the season. Talks were unsuccessful, and a lockout was imposed by the owners following the completion of the 1995 NBA Finals in an effort by the owners to put pressure on the players. When the union (represented by NBPA President Buck Williams of Portland and NBPA Executive Director Simon Gourdine) reached a highly-secretive agreement with the league (represented by NBA Commissioner Did Stern and NBA Deputy Commissioner & Chief Operating Officer Russ Granik) which included a luxury tax, rookie salary cap and other provisions designed to tighten the salary cap; a group of players led by Michael Jordan and Patrick Ewing began an effort to decertify the union. Noting the concerns over possible restrictions on player movement, the player representatives chose not to ratify the agreement and sent it back for further negotiation. In August, after the union had imposed a deadline to pressure the league into concessions, the luxury tax was dropped and exceptions for veteran free agents were restored in a revised agreement. The group seeking decertification remained unsatisfied and chose to press for an end to the union in hopes that it would provide the players with a means to sue the league under antitrust law to end the salary cap, college draft and restrictions on free agency. A decertification election was then held in September of 1995, with the players voting 226-134 against, a few days later player representatives voted 25-2 in for of ratifying the agreement. The owners quickly voted 24-5 in for of the agreement and the owner-imposed lockout was lifted days later. The contract remained unsigned until June of 1996 when the players and owners finalized the deal. The final agreement included:

-unrestricted free agency for all players following the conclusion of their contracts

-a guarantee of 48.04% of all Basketball Related Income to the players, which now included luxury suites, international television and arena signage

-various player exemptions to the cap, with the league keeping the so-called "Larry Bird Exemption" which allowed teams to re-sign their own free agents at any price

-shortening of the college draft to one round, beginning in 1998

-rookie salary cap with a graduated scale depending on the position a player is drafted, allowing him free agency after his third season.

The Rookie salary cap proved to be a windfall for the players. Draft choices such as Kevin Garnett (six years, $121 million) and Rasheed Wallace (six years, $80 million) and Bryant Reeves (six years, $65 million) all received huge contract extensions, while others like Antionio McDyess, Damon Stoudamire, Joe Smith and Jerry Stackhouse were traded before they could become free agents.

Another perceived problem was the loss of control over the players. After Latrell Sprewell was suspended by the league for a year and had his contract terminated by Golden State after an attack on P.J. Carlesimo, an arbitrator ruled that the penalty was to harsh, shortening his suspension to the remainder of the season and reinstating his contract, citing past penalties for violence by players.

During the 19-98 season the NBA owners voted to re-open the collective bargaining agreement, claiming losses by 13 teams. The union, now led by its new Patrick Ewing of New York and Executive Director William Hunter, is expected to meet owner demands (including greater authority for the Commissioner in disciplining the players, an inclusion of marijuana in the league's drug testing and a hard salary cap), with resistance, citing the league's new four-year $2.4 billion television deal with NBC and Turner Sports as a counter to the plea of poverty and looking to restore the league's middle class and curb control of the Commissioner ability to impose punishment over players. Provisions in the television contracts guarantying the owners money even in the event of a work stoppage, and the failure of the rookie salary cap to curtail big contacts to young players may bring about a lockout during the summer and lead to the loss of games for the first time in the league's history.

NBA始于1946年，当时只有11支球队，为什么现在有30支球队？

用球向悬在高处的目标进行投准比赛的球类活动。由于最初是用装水要的篮筐作投掷目标，故名“篮球”。现代篮球运动已经发展成为一项具有灵活巧妙的技术和变化多端的战术相结合的竞赛活动。从事篮球运动能促使人体的力量、速度、耐久力、灵活性等素质全面发展，并能提高内脏器官、感觉器官和神经中枢的功能；它对培养勇敢、机智、集体主义和组织纪律性等品质都有很大益处。

发展概况：篮球是1891年由美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德（旧译春田）市基督教青年会训练学校体育教师J.奈史密斯博士创造的，起初，他将两只桃篮分别钉在键身房内看台的栏杆上，桃篮上沿距离地面3.04米， 有足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。到1893年，形成近似现代的篮板、篮圈和篮网。最初的篮球比赛，对上场人数、场地大小，比赛时间均无严格限制。只需双方参加比赛的人数必须相等。比赛开始，双方队员分别站在两端线外，裁判员鸣哨并将球掷向球场中间，双方跑向场内抢球，开始比赛。持球者可以抱着球跑向篮下投篮，首先达到预定分数者为胜。1892年，奈史密斯制定了13条比赛规则，主要规定是不准持球跑，不准有粗野动作，不准用拳击球，否则即判犯规连续3次犯规判负1分；比赛时间规定为上、下半时，各15分钟；对场地大小也作了规定。上场比赛人数逐步缩减为每队10人、9人、7人，1893年定为每队上场5人。1904年在第3届奥林匹克运动会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1908年美国制定了全国统一的篮球规则，并有移种文字出版，发行于全世界，这样，篮球运动逐渐传遍美洲、欧洲和亚洲，成为世界性运动项目。

1936年第11届奥运会将男子篮球列为正式比赛项目，并统一了世界篮球竞赛规则，此后，到1948年的10多年间，规则曾多次修改，与现行规则有关的重要变化是：将得分后的中圈跳球，改为失分队在后场端线外掷界外球继续比赛；进攻队必须在10秒钟内把球推进到前场；球进前场后不得再回后场；进攻队员不得在“限制区”内停留3秒钟；投篮队员被侵犯时，投中罚球1次，投不中罚球2次等。

1952年和1956年第15、16两届奥运会的篮球比赛中，出现了两米以上的多人，国际业余篮球联合会曾两次扩大篮球场地的“限制区”（也叫“3分区”）；还规定，一个队控制球后，必须在30秒内投篮出手。60年代初有关10秒和球回后场的规定，一度因1960年第17届奥运会后取消了中场线改画边线的中点而中止。1964年第18届奥运会后，又恢复了中场线，这些规定又继续执行。17年增加了每队满10次犯规后，在防守犯规时罚球两次，防投篮时犯规两罚有1次不中再加罚1次的规定。1981年又将10次犯规后罚球的规定缩减到8次。很明显，人员的变化的技术，战术的发展引起了规则的改变，而规则的改变又促进了人员和技术、战术的进一步发展变化。特别是50年代后期以来，规则的改变对篮球比赛的攻守速度，对运动员的身体、技术、战术以及意志、作风等各方面都不断提出新的更高的要求，促进了篮球技术水平的迅速提高，女子篮球是16年第21届奥运会上才列为正式比赛项目的。

篮球运动是1896年前后由天津中华基督教青年会传入中国的，随后在北京、上海基督教青年会里也有了此项活动。在1910年的全运会上举行了男子篮球表演赛之后，在全国各大城市的大、中学校的篮球活动逐渐开展起来，其中以天津、北京、上海开展得较好，水平也较高，当时的比赛规则很简单，在球场中间画一个约有1米直径的中圈，中锋队员跳球时一只手必须置于背后腰部，任何一足不得踏出圈外。技术也简单，中圈跳球后，谁接到球就自己运球，超过防守人就投篮。当时只会直线运球前进，传球方法是单、双手胸前传球，跑动投篮是用单手低手上篮，立定投篮无论远近都是用双手腹前低手投篮。1925年前后，进攻和防守的5名运动员，有了较明确的分工，中锋对中锋，后卫对前锋，有人盯人，各自盯住自己的对手。但前锋的职责是只管进攻投篮，不管退守；后卫的职责是只管防守抢截球，不管投篮。前锋和后卫很少全场跑动，只有中锋要攻守兼顾。以后又逐渐改为两后卫1人助攻（活动后卫），1人留守后场（固定后卫），两前锋也变为1人留在前场专管偷袭、快攻，1人退守后场助防。技术动作也有所发展，跑动投篮出现了单手、高手投篮，立定投篮出现了双手胸前投篮，传球出现了单、双手击地传球，运球出现了两手交替运球躲闪防守和超越防守向前推进的技术。规则中增加了罚球区和罚球线，队员犯规4次即被取消比赛资格，犯规罚球可由队长指定任何1个队员主罚。比赛时间分为上、下半时各20分钟，中间休息10分钟。每次投中或罚中后，都在中圈跳球，重新开始比赛。而中国篮球运动水平在1926年以后有了较大提高。

nba发展史2000至今

因为nba在慢慢扩张，当时很少人关注，而现在已经引起了全世界人的关注，不只是美国人的篮球了，已经伴随很多资本的身影。下面给大家说说nba的发展史，看看为什么现在nba球队变成30个。

NBA始于1946年，当时有11支球队，通过一系列的球队扩充，裁减和迁移，目前共有30支球队。美国是29个球队的所在地，其中一个位于加拿大。

但从一开始，NBA不是就有这么球队，它经历过一系列的变更和扩张。

自1946年成立以来，美国国家篮球协会（NBA）在联盟历史上的扩张已经发生过几次。下面从三个阶段为您说明：

在NBA的早期，组织的扩张和移动就发生过很多次。在这二十年的时间里，著名的球队如：锡拉丘兹国民队（现为费城76人队），费城勇士队（现为金州勇士队），明尼阿波利斯湖人队（现为洛杉矶湖人队）和罗切斯特队（现为NBA）进入NBA在萨克拉门托国王队）。在此期间，联赛曾一度降到了9支，那是1961年。

在15年的时间里，从1966年的芝加哥公牛队开始，目前的30支球队中有14支进入了联盟。一年后，圣地亚哥火箭队（现在的休斯顿火箭队）和西雅图超音速队（现在的俄克拉荷马城雷霆队）加入了联盟，与菲尼克斯太阳队和密尔沃基雄鹿队之后他们在1968年两个赛季后，于10年，布法罗勇敢者队（成为圣迭戈快船队，现在洛杉矶快船），克里夫兰骑士队和波特兰开拓者都加入联盟。新奥尔良爵士（现为犹他爵士）在14年成为联盟的第18支球队。

在15–76赛季之后，NBA与美国篮球协会合并，这是一个自1967年以来已经运营了9个赛季的竞争性联赛。随着ABA–NBA的合并，四支ABA球队成为了NBA成员：丹佛掘金队，印第安纳州步行者队，纽约篮网队（成为新泽西篮网队，现为布鲁克林篮网队）和圣安东尼奥马刺队。1980年，达拉斯小牛队成为联盟的第23名成员。

从1988年至今，NBA已经增加了七支球队，最近一次是2004年。四支球队分别于1988年和1989年成立：最初的夏洛特黄蜂队（现为新奥尔良鹈鹕队），迈阿密热火队和奥兰多魔术队，都在佛罗里达州，明尼苏达森林狼。1995年，NBA在加拿大建立了两支新球队，这是自1946-47赛季首个赛季以来的第一支，在多伦多。即多伦多猛龙队和温哥华灰熊队（现为孟菲斯灰熊队）。2004年，随着现在的夏洛特黄蜂队发展到30个联赛，最初是夏洛特山猫队。

未来NBA还可能的扩张城市有：西雅图、、圣地亚哥、路易斯维尔、温哥华、蒙特利尔、

堪萨斯城、匹兹堡、弗吉尼亚州汉普顿路、墨西哥城。

2000年1月1日-- 叶利钦宣布辞去俄罗斯总统职务，并将权力移交给总理普京。哎，不对，说NBA那哈，跑题了。。。

北京时间2000年6月29日上午，NBA2000-2001赛季的选秀大会举行，来自辛辛那提大学的肯扬·马丁在第一轮第一顺位被新泽西网队选中，成为本次选秀大会的状元。

说起2000年的NBA，不得不说的事是湖人时代的大鲨鱼变得更加凶猛。前公牛主教练菲尔杰克逊更是把湖人打造成了冠军球队。奥尼尔得篮下技术越发的强悍，除了暴力的扣篮和摘板之外还增加了篮下小勾手这门绝技，使得他在进攻时有了更多的选择。奥尼尔身边的小伙伴从魔术的1号村西埋个雷滴，不对，是火箭的1号，也不对，是便士哈达威变成了湖人的8号小飞侠科比布莱恩特(帅帅的我科)，随着科比越来越成熟，“OK组合”的威力也越来越强大。

2000年起，“OK组合”成为了NBA最恐怖的组合。年轻的科比逐渐走向巨星之路，场均得到22.5分6.3个篮板4.9次助攻1.61次抢断，四项数据均为其进入NBA以来的个人新高，常规赛结束后科比还入选了最佳防守阵容一队。再加上早已是超级中锋的奥尼尔，两人携手共同拿下了新世纪第一座奥布莱恩杯。

尽管科比表现出色，不得不说的是奥尼尔无疑才是湖人最恐怖的武器，没有人愿意面对这个庞然大物。他在常规赛中场均得到29.7分13.6个篮板3.03次盖帽，三项数据分别排名全联盟第一、第二和第三。2000年3月6日，沙克的28岁生日，他在对快船的同城德比中轰下61分，作为自己的生日礼物。在沙克的带领下，湖人在本赛季分别取得过19、16和11连胜。

2000年全明星周末，蒂姆邓肯与沙奎尔奥尼尔共同拿下了全明星MVP